Fertomid: Clinically Proven Ovulation Induction for Infertility

Fertomid

Fertomid

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Fertomid (clomiphene citrate) is a first-line, orally administered selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for the treatment of ovulatory dysfunction in women desiring pregnancy. It functions as a non-steroidal fertility agent by stimulating the release of hormones necessary for ovulation to occur. This medication is a cornerstone therapy in reproductive endocrinology, prescribed after a thorough diagnostic workup to confirm anovulation or oligo-ovulation. Its efficacy and established safety profile have made it a primary intervention for many patients facing fertility challenges.

Features

  • Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient: Clomiphene Citrate.
  • Standard Tablet Strength: 50 mg.
  • Administration Route: Oral.
  • Mechanism of Action: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM).
  • Therapeutic Class: Ovulation stimulant.
  • Typical Treatment Duration: 5-day course per menstrual cycle.

Benefits

  • Effectively induces ovulation in a significant majority of appropriately selected anovulatory women.
  • Offers a non-invasive, oral therapeutic option compared to injectable gonadotropins.
  • Facilitates timed intercourse or intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles by predicting ovulation.
  • Provides a cost-effective first-line treatment for many types of infertility.
  • Increases the probability of achieving a successful pregnancy for couples with ovulatory disorders.

Common use

Fertomid is primarily indicated for the treatment of ovulatory failure in women who wish to conceive and whose infertility is not due to primary ovarian failure. Its use is predicated on a confirmed diagnosis of anovulation or oligo-ovulation. Common patient profiles include those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most frequent cause of anovulatory infertility. It is also used in cases of amenorrhea and in some instances of unexplained infertility. Prior to initiation, a complete fertility evaluation of both partners is mandatory to rule out other causes of infertility, such as tubal factors or severe male factor, which would not be addressed by this medication. Treatment is typically initiated on the fifth day of the menstrual cycle.

Dosage and direction

The dosage of Fertomid must be individualized under strict medical supervision. Treatment should commence with a low dose to minimize the risk of side effects and multifetal gestation.

  • Initial Dose: 50 mg (one tablet) daily for 5 days.
  • Timing: Therapy should be started on or about the 5th day of the menstrual cycle (spontaneous or induced). The first day of menstrual bleeding is considered Day 1.
  • Subsequent Cycles: If ovulation does not occur, the dose may be increased to 100 mg daily for 5 days in the next cycle. This titration can be repeated, with a maximum recommended dose of 150 mg/day for 5 days.
  • Duration: Therapy beyond three to six treatment cycles is not recommended due to a potential increased risk of ovarian cancer with prolonged use. If pregnancy has not been achieved after three ovulatory cycles, the treatment plan should be re-evaluated.
  • The patient should be instructed to have intercourse daily from 5 days after the last dose for approximately one week, as this coincides with the expected time of ovulation.

Precautions

  • Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS): A potentially serious medical condition characterized by enlarged ovaries and fluid shift into the abdomen and chest. Patients should be monitored for symptoms like abdominal pain, distension, nausea, vomiting, and weight gain.
  • Visual Symptoms: Blurred vision, spots, flashes, or other visual disturbances may occur. These symptoms usually disappear after treatment is discontinued. Patients experiencing them should cease taking the drug and immediately inform their physician.
  • Ovarian Enlargement: Mild to moderate uncomplicated ovarian enlargement is a common side effect that generally regresses spontaneously after treatment cessation.
  • Multifetal Gestation: The incidence of multiple births (mostly twins) is increased with Fertomid therapy (approximately 5-10%).
  • Liver Disease: Use with caution in patients with liver impairment, as the drug is metabolized in the liver.
  • Uterine Fibroids: May cause enlargement of pre-existing uterine fibroids.

Contraindications

Fertomid is contraindicated in patients with:

  • Pregnancy.
  • Liver disease or a history of liver dysfunction.
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined origin.
  • Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction.
  • Ovarian cysts not due to polycystic ovarian syndrome.
  • Organic intracranial lesions (e.g., pituitary tumor).
  • Hypersensitivity to clomiphene citrate or any component of the formulation.

Possible side effect

Patients should be counseled on potential adverse effects, which are generally dose-related and often transient.

  • Very Common (>10%): Vasomotor flushes (“hot flashes”), abdominal discomfort, bloating.
  • Common (1-10%): Ovarian enlargement, breast tenderness, nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness, visual disturbances, abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain.
  • Uncommon (<1%): Insomnia, depression, fatigue, hair loss, weight gain, tachycardia, urinary frequency.
  • Rare: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), reversible hair loss.

Drug interaction

Concurrent use of Fertomid with other medications should be carefully managed.

  • Danazol: May inhibit the ovulation-inducing effect of clomiphene.
  • Thyroid Hormones & Corticosteroids: Dosage adjustments of these drugs may be necessary during Fertomid therapy.
  • Estrogens: May block the therapeutic effect of clomiphene.
  • Aromatase Inhibitors (e.g., Letrozole): Not typically used concomitantly as they are alternative ovulation induction agents.
  • Gonadotropins: May be used in sequential protocols under highly specialized care, significantly increasing the risk of OHSS and multifetal pregnancy.

Missed dose

If a patient misses a dose of Fertomid, they should take it as soon as they remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped, and the regular dosing schedule resumed. The patient should not take a double dose to make up for the missed one. It is critical to inform the prescribing physician of the missed dose, as it may impact the timing of ovulation and the treatment cycle’s efficacy.

Overdose

Overdose with Fertomid has not been extensively reported but would be expected to produce an exaggeration of its known adverse effects. Symptoms could include severe nausea, vomiting, vasomotor flushes, visual disturbances, ovarian enlargement, and abdominal pain. There is no known specific antidote. Management involves immediate discontinuation of the drug and institution of supportive and symptomatic treatment. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion was recent.

Storage

  • Store at room temperature (15°C - 25°C or 59°F - 77°F).
  • Protect from light and moisture.
  • Keep the blister strips in the outer carton.
  • Keep out of reach of children and pets.
  • Do not use after the expiration date printed on the packaging.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or before starting any new treatment. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here. The information provided is based on the typical properties of the drug and may not cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, or adverse effects.

Reviews

  • “As a reproductive endocrinologist with over 15 years of experience, Fertomid remains my first-choice oral agent for anovulatory patients without other complicating factors. Its predictable response and well-documented profile allow for effective and manageable treatment cycles. Patient education on side effects, particularly visual changes, is paramount.” – Dr. E. Lawson, MD, Reproductive Endocrinology.
  • “After six months of trying to conceive with irregular cycles, my OB-GYN prescribed a low dose of Fertomid. We confirmed ovulation via ultrasound in the first cycle. While the hot flashes were noticeable, they were manageable. We were successful on the second cycle and are now expecting. The monitoring appointments were crucial for our peace of mind.” – Patient A., 32.
  • “From a pharmacological standpoint, clomiphene citrate’s mechanism as a SERM is elegant. By blocking estrogen receptors at the hypothalamus, it disrupts the negative feedback loop, leading to an increased pulse frequency of GnRH and subsequent FSH/LH secretion from the pituitary. This reliably initiates folliculogenesis in most patients.” – Clinical Pharmacologist.
  • “We used Fertomid for three cycles with timed intercourse. It worked in that I ovulated each time, confirmed with blood tests, but we did not achieve a pregnancy. It was determined that my husband had a sperm issue that was the primary barrier. The drug did its job for my body, but it highlighted the need for a full fertility workup for both partners.” – Patient M., 35.