Symmetrel: Effective Antiviral and Parkinson's Symptom Management
| Product dosage: 100mg | |||
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Synonyms | |||
Symmetrel (amantadine hydrochloride) is a well-established antiviral and antiparkinsonian agent with a unique dual mechanism of action. As a adamantane derivative, it demonstrates efficacy against influenza A virus while providing symptomatic relief for Parkinson’s disease. This medication represents a valuable therapeutic option for neurologists and infectious disease specialists managing these complex conditions. Its neuroprotective properties and dopaminergic effects make it particularly useful in comprehensive treatment strategies.
Features
- Contains amantadine hydrochloride 100mg as active pharmaceutical ingredient
- Available in capsule and syrup formulations for flexible dosing
- Demonstrated activity against influenza A virus strains
- Exhibits dopaminergic and anticholinergic properties
- Stable shelf life of 36 months when stored properly
- Bioavailability of approximately 86-90% following oral administration
Benefits
- Reduces duration and severity of influenza A symptoms when administered early
- Provides symptomatic relief for Parkinson’s disease, particularly rigidity and bradykinesia
- May help manage drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms
- Demonstrates potential neuroprotective effects in neurological disorders
- Offers alternative mechanism of action compared to other antiparkinsonian agents
- Can be used as monotherapy or adjunct therapy based on clinical presentation
Common use
Symmetrel is primarily indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory tract illnesses caused by influenza A virus strains. In neurological practice, it is employed for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, particularly for patients experiencing early-stage symptoms or those requiring adjunct therapy. Additionally, it finds application in managing drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms associated with neuroleptic medications. The medication may be used off-label for certain fatigue states associated with multiple sclerosis.
Dosage and direction
For influenza prophylaxis: 200mg once daily or 100mg twice daily in adults For influenza treatment: 100mg twice daily for 3-5 days following symptom onset For Parkinson’s disease: Initial dose of 100mg daily, increasing to 100mg twice daily if needed Elderly patients: 100mg daily due to reduced renal clearance Renal impairment: Dose adjustment required based on creatinine clearance Administration: May be taken with or without food; maintain consistent dosing schedule
Precautions
Monitor renal function regularly, particularly in elderly patients Assess for signs of congestive heart failure in patients with cardiac history Observe for mental status changes, especially in elderly or those with psychiatric history Use caution in patients with history of seizures or epilepsy Monitor for livedo reticularis and peripheral edema Periodically reassess need for continued therapy in Parkinson’s patients
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to amantadine or any component of the formulation End-stage renal disease with creatinine clearance <15 mL/min History of angle-closure glaucoma Severe hepatic impairment Concurrent use with live attenuated influenza vaccine
Possible side effect
Common: Nausea, dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth Neurological: Lightheadedness, anxiety, irritability, confusion Cardiovascular: Orthostatic hypotension, peripheral edema Dermatological: Livedo reticularis, skin rash Gastrointestinal: Constipation, anorexia, nausea Rare: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, suicidal ideation
Drug interaction
Increased anticholinergic effects with other anticholinergic agents Enhanced CNS effects with alcohol, sedatives, or hypnotics Reduced efficacy with coadministration of co-trimoxazole Potential for increased dopaminergic effects with other Parkinson’s medications Possible interaction with drugs affecting renal tubular secretion May potentiate effects of CNS stimulants
Missed dose
If remembered within 4 hours, take missed dose immediately If beyond 4 hours, skip missed dose and resume regular schedule Do not double dose to make up for missed administration Maintain consistent dosing intervals for optimal therapeutic effect Consider setting reminders for patients with complex medication regimens
Overdose
Symptoms: agitation, hallucinations, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperthermia Management: Gastric lavage if presented early, activated charcoal Supportive care: Maintain hydration, monitor vital signs Symptomatic treatment for CNS manifestations Hemodialysis may be effective due to drug’s water solubility Contact poison control center immediately for guidance
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C/68-77°F) Protect from light and moisture Keep container tightly closed Do not freeze syrup formulation Keep out of reach of children and pets Discard unused medication after expiration date
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting or changing any medication regimen. Individual patient responses may vary, and proper medical supervision is essential. The prescribing physician should be aware of all patient medications and conditions before initiating therapy.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate Symmetrel’s efficacy in reducing influenza A symptom duration by 1-2 days when initiated within 48 hours of symptom onset. Parkinson’s disease studies show significant improvement in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale scores, particularly for bradykinesia and rigidity. Long-term use requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects. Many clinicians appreciate its dual mechanisms and relatively favorable side effect profile compared to other antiparkinsonian agents.