Zanaflex: Targeted Muscle Spasticity Relief with Tizanidine
| Product dosage: 2mg | |||
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Zanaflex (tizanidine hydrochloride) is a short-acting muscle relaxant indicated for the management of spasticity. As a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, it is prescribed to alleviate muscle tightness, cramping, and spasms often associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or certain neurological disorders. By reducing excessive muscle tone, Zanaflex helps improve range of motion, decrease discomfort, and support functional daily activities under professional medical supervision.
Features
- Active ingredient: Tizanidine hydrochloride
- Available in 2 mg and 4 mg tablet formulations, as well as capsule versions for some markets
- Short half-life (approximately 2.5 hours), allowing for flexible dosing around activities
- Central alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist mechanism
- FDA-approved for the management of spasticity
- Requires prescription; not available over-the-counter
Benefits
- Reduces muscle spasticity and hypertonicity, improving voluntary movement
- Alleviates pain and discomfort associated with muscle spasms
- May enhance physical therapy outcomes by permitting greater range of motion
- Can contribute to improved sleep by reducing nighttime muscle cramps
- Short duration of action allows patients to time doses for maximum benefit during active hours
- Supports daily functional activities and mobility in chronic neurological conditions
Common use
Zanaflex is primarily used to manage spasticity resulting from conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and certain stroke-related motor disorders. It is often part of a comprehensive treatment plan that may include physical therapy, other medications, and lifestyle modifications. Its use is generally reserved for patients experiencing clinically significant spasticity that interferes with daily function or causes discomfort.
Dosage and direction
Dosage must be individualized based on patient response and tolerability. The recommended starting dose is 2 mg, which may be increased gradually in 2–4 mg increments, with doses spaced 6–8 hours apart. The total daily dose should not exceed 36 mg, though most patients respond to doses between 6–16 mg per day, divided into three or four doses. Tablets should be taken with water, with or without food, though consistency in administration relative to meals is advised due to bioavailability variations. Capsule formulations may have different absorption profiles and should not be interchanged with tablets without medical consultation.
Precautions
Zanaflex can cause hypotension; blood pressure should be monitored, especially during initial use and dose adjustments. Sedation is common; patients should avoid activities requiring alertness until they know how the drug affects them. Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, as tizanidine is extensively metabolized in the liver and excreted renally. Abrupt discontinuation should be avoided due to potential rebound hypertension, tachycardia, and hypertonia. Alcohol and other CNS depressants may enhance sedative effects.
Contraindications
Zanaflex is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to tizanidine or any component of the formulation. Concomitant use with potent CYP1A2 inhibitors, such as fluvoxamine or ciprofloxacin, is contraindicated due to significantly increased tizanidine exposure and risk of adverse effects. It should not be used in combination with other alpha-2 adrenergic agonists.
Possible side effect
Common side effects include dry mouth, somnolence, asthenia, dizziness, and hypotension. Less frequently, patients may experience hallucinations, elevated liver enzymes, bradycardia, or visual disturbances. Some individuals report gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea or constipation. Most side effects are dose-dependent and may diminish with continued use or dose adjustment.
Drug interaction
Tizanidine is primarily metabolized by CYP1A2; concomitant use with CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., fluvoxamine, ciprofloxacin) is contraindicated. Other inhibitors (e.g., oral contraceptives, acyclovir) may increase tizanidine levels. Use with other CNS depressants, including opioids, benzodiazepines, and alcohol, may enhance sedative and hypotensive effects. Antihypertensives and other alpha-2 agonists may potentiate cardiovascular effects. Acetaminophen may delay tizanidine absorption.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe dizziness, somnolence, bradycardia, hypotension, vomiting, and respiratory depression. In severe cases, coma or cardiac arrest may occur. Management is supportive and symptomatic; activated charcoal may be administered if ingestion was recent. Hemodialysis is not effective due to high protein binding. Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20–25°C or 68–77°F), in a tightly closed container, away from light, moisture, and heat. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the packaging.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment decisions, and personalized dosage recommendations. Do not initiate, adjust, or discontinue medication without medical supervision.
Reviews
Clinical studies and patient reports generally indicate that Zanaflex is effective in reducing spasticity and associated discomfort. Many users note improved mobility and quality of life, though sedation and dry mouth are frequently mentioned side effects. Individual responses vary, and effectiveness often depends on appropriate dosing and integration with a broader treatment plan. Long-term use requires periodic reevaluation by a healthcare provider to assess continued benefit and monitor for adverse effects.